High-temperature alloys can withstand high temperatures of 600-1200 ℃ stress and has anti-oxidation or corrosion resistance of the alloy. 
 Matrix elements can be divided into iron-based superalloys, nickel base superalloy and cobalt-base superalloys. Preparation process can be divided into the deformation of high temperature and high temperature alloys 
 Alloy casting high temperature alloys and powder metallurgy high-temperature alloys. Strengthen the way the solid solution hardening and precipitation hardening type, oxide dispersion strengthening and fiber-reinforced type. High temperature alloys used in the manufacture of ships, aviation, and industrial gas turbines, turbine blades, guide vanes, turbine disks, high-pressure compressor disk and the combustion chamber, high temperature components, but also for the manufacture of the spacecraft, rocket engines, nuclear reactors, petrochemical equipment and conversion of coal and other energy conversion devices. 
 Edit this paragraph development 
 Development process since the late 1930s, Britain, Germany and the United States began to study high-temperature alloys. During World War II, in order to meet the needs of the new aero-engine research and use of high temperature alloys has entered a period of vigorous development. The early 1940s, the United Kingdom first adding a small amount of aluminum and titanium in a 80Ni-20Cr alloy, the formation of γ phase to strengthen the development of the first high temperature strength nickel-based alloys. During the same period, the United States in order to meet the needs of the development of piston aircraft engines turbocharger, began using the Vitallium cobalt-based alloys produced leaves. In addition, the U.S. has also developed out of Inconel nickel-based alloys for the production of jet engine combustion chamber. , Metallurgists to further improve the high temperature strength of the alloy, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt and other elements, an increase in the nickel-based alloys of aluminum, titanium content, developed a series of brands of alloy, such as the United Kingdom "Nimonic", United States Mar-M "and" IN "; in the cobalt-based alloys, high temperature alloy of nickel, tungsten 
 Elements, the development of a variety of high temperature alloy, such as X-45 HA-188 FSX-414. Because of the lack of cobalt resources, cobalt-base superalloy development is restricted. 1940s, the iron-based superalloy has been the development of the 1950s, A-286 and Incoloy901 grade, but poor high temperature stability, the slow development since the 1960s. The Soviet Union in 1950 began producing the "ЭИ kind of nickel-based superalloy, and later production the" ЭП "series deformation superalloy and ЖС series cast superalloy. 1956 trial of high temperature alloys, and the gradual formation of the GH series of high-temperature deformation of alloys and "K" series cast superalloy. 1970s, new production processes to produce directionally solidified blades and powder metallurgy turbine disk, developed single crystal blades and other high-temperature alloy parts, and to adapt to the ever-increasing needs of the aero-engine turbine inlet temperature. Financial products to provide high temperature alloy forgings 
 Edit this section to improve strength 
 Solid solution strengthening 
 Different from the metal atom size of the matrix elements (chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, etc.) caused by the lattice distortion of the base metal superalloy 
 , Joined to reduce the stacking fault energy of the alloy matrix elements (such as cobalt) and by adding the matrix elements can slow down the diffusion rate of elements (tungsten, molybdenum, etc.) in order to strengthen the matrix. 
 Precipitation strengthening 
 Aging treatment, the precipitation from the supersaturated solid solution of the second phase (gamma, gamma ", carbide, etc.) in order to strengthen the alloy. The same γ phase and matrix, are similar to face-centered cubic structure, lattice constant and the substrate, and crystal total grid, therefore the γ phase in the matrix can be showed small granular uniform precipitation, impede dislocation movement, but produce significantly strengthen the role of γ-phase is A3B-type intermetallic compounds, A, on behalf of nickel, cobalt, B, on behalf of aluminum, titanium niobium, tantalum, vanadium, tungsten, and chromium, molybdenum, iron, both for A can be B typical nickel-based alloys in the γ phase of Ni3 (Al, Ti) γ phase strengthening effect can be obtained through the following channels strengthened: (1) increase the number of γ phase; ② The γ phase and matrix appropriate mismatch to strengthen the effect of lattice distortion; ③ join niobium, tantalum, and other elements to increase the γ-phase, antiphase boundary to improve their resistance to dislocation cutting superalloy 
 Force; the ④ join cobalt, tungsten, molybdenum and other elements to improve the strength of the γ phase. The γ "phase is body-centered tetragonal structure, its composition Ni3Nb due to the misfit of the γ" phase and the matrix, which can cause a greater degree of lattice distortion, so that the alloy to obtain a high yield strength. However, more than 700 ℃, the strengthening effect will be significantly reduced. Cobalt-base superalloys generally does not contain γ-phase and carbide strengthening. 
 Grain boundary strengthening 
 At high temperatures, the alloy grain boundaries are weak links, adding small amounts of boron, zirconium and rare earth elements can improve the strength of the grain boundary. This is because the rare earth elements can purify the grain boundaries, boron, zirconium atomic energy to fill the grain boundary vacancy, lower creep Guo Cheng Zhongjing boundary diffusion rate, inhibit the accumulation of grain boundary carbides and the promotion of the second phase of globalization of the grain boundary. In addition, the right amount of hafnium in the cast alloy can also improve the strength and plasticity of the grain boundary. The chain distribution of the carbide can also be formed by heat treatment at the grain boundaries or cause a curved grain boundary, to improve the ductility and strength. 
 Oxide dispersion strengthened 
 Small oxide, remained stable at high temperatures the alloy by powder metallurgy method, showed a diffuse distribution like high-temperature alloys 
 State, resulting in a significant strengthening effect. Usually added oxide ThO2, and Y2O3. These oxides are to be strengthened through impede dislocation motion and stability of dislocation substructure and other factors make alloy. 
 Edit this paragraph manufacturing process 
 Not contain less aluminum-containing, high-temperature alloys of titanium, commonly used electric arc furnace or vacuum induction furnace smelting. Contains aluminum and titanium high high-temperature alloys such as melting in the atmosphere, the elements burning difficult to control, gas and inclusion into the more, it should be a vacuum smelting. To further reduce the content of inclusions to improve the distribution of inclusions and crystal structure of the ingot can be a combination of smelting and secondary remelting process by double. The main means of smelting arc furnace, vacuum induction furnace and a vacuum induction furnace; the remelting means vacuum consumable electrode furnace and electroslag furnace.